Nipple for pipe-connections



(No Model.)

R. PARISH.

Y NIPPLE FOR PIPE CONNECTIONS. No. 392,221. Patented Nov. 6, 1888.

WITNESSES: INVENTIJ'R:

AT T Y.

n- PEYERS. mmum mr. was-mm, o. c.

NITED STATES PATENT FFIQEQ NlPPLE FOR PIPE-CONNECTIONS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 392,221, dated November6, 1888.

. Application filed May 2,1888. SorialNo. 272,570. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, RICHARD PARISH, a citizen of the United States,residing at Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State ofPennsylvania, have invented a certain new and Improved Nipple forPipe-0onnections, of which the following is a specification.

My invention has relation to simple means for making tight threadeddetachable unionjoints of pipes or other connections.

The principal object of my invention is to provide a nipple havingthreaded extremities that taper from one end in the same direction tothe opposite end, and with one end enlarged or expanded, so that thediameter of the nip plc at said extremity is greater than that of a pipecorresponding with the opposite end of the nipple, whereby in use,.inconnection with a combined enlarged and reducing body or fitting havingthe interior threaded with a chamber between the threaded portions thattaper, in the same direction as that of the threaded portion of thenipple, it may be readily inserted through the enlarged part or portionof the body or fitting and screwed to place in the reduced part orportion thereof, and the nipple then connected at the opposite extremityto a suitable fitting, thereby malting a very tight as well as areadily-detachable union -joint of pipes or other connections. Thisimproved nipple may be used to connect pipes of the same or differentsizes, as may be desired, and thereby entirely dispense with longscrews, ground joints, and right and left joints, all of which have beenmore or less objectionable for many reasons, but principally becausesuch were subject to leakage due to the destruction of the packing, andin steamfitting in the use of soft-metal seats to the melting or burningout of the joints.

My improved nipple is especially applicable for connecting pipes overfires where packed joints or soft-metal seats cannot be improved nippleare always either right or left threaded joints.

The nature and characteristic features of my invention will be fullyunderstood when taken in connection with he accompanying drawings, inwhich- Figure l is a sectional view of an ordinary oppositely-taperingthreaded nipple or pipe I to the opposite end, and with one of the endsenlarged or expanded, and showing the application of my improved nipplefor uniting or connecting pipes of similar sizes; and Fig. 2 is asimilar view of my improved nipple and body or fitting, showing also themanner of connecting pipes of different sizes direct without the use ofinterposed bushings or other detachable connections;

Referring to the drawings, a is the improved nipple, made of brass,iron, or other suitable metal, having both ends threaded when used foreonnectingstcam, gas,or other metal pipes, and with the threadedportions tapering from one end in the same direction to the oppositeextremity. One of the ends, a, for instance, Fig. 1, is enlarged orexpanded, so that the diameter of the nipple from the point of formationof the threads thereon to the end of the nipple will be greater than thediameter ol the nipple at the opposite extremity. By constructing thenipple in this manner it may be readily inserted through a combinedenlarged and reducing fitting or body and screwed to place in thereducing portion of the body or fitting with the opposite end 01' thenipple at the same time scoured into a suitable fitting or connection.By simply revcrsing the movement of the nipple it may be quicklydetached again for repairs or for whatever purpose may be desired, andin detaching the nipple it will be caused to occupy a position in achamber between the enlarged and reduced threaded portions of the bodyor -fitting. This body or fitting B may be constructed of any desiredshape or form with an enlarged portion, b, and with a reducing portion,I), and between which is formed a chamher, I)". The enlarged interiorthreaded portion, I), of the body B tapers in a similar direction tothat of the nipple a. The opposite or reducing threaded portion, 1), ofthe body tapers in a corresponding direction. Into the reduced portionof the body or fitting the expanded end a of the nipple is secured toplace, and the opposite extremity, c of the nipple tapers in a directioncorrespondin to that of IO the enlarged or expanded portion a, and maybe readilyfitted to an elbow or other desired fitting.

O is a bushing formed with a hexagonal or other form ofrim, c, to permitof the securing [5 of the same to place in the enlarged portion b of thefitting or body 13, and to this bushing G and an elbow, d, is secured alength of pipe, (1, threaded in opposite directions, and to the oppositeextremity of the elbow (Z is secured another length of pipe, (1".

In order to detach the several parts connecl'cd with the bushing O andelbow d, it becomes necessary to take each apart, thereby re quiringtime and labor,while on the other hand with the use of my improvednipple it may be readily accomplished by simply reversing the movementof the nipple, thereby causing the same to occupy a position at theextreme end of the enlarged chamber I) of the body B;

or in lieu thereof the body may be readily detached from thereducing-bushing C. .Vhile the nipple (upon its release from theoppositely-located fitting) will occupy a position within the chamber bof the body or fitting B, it will nevertheless have free play therein,which will permit of the release of the body B from the bushingconnecting the other parts as readily as the release of the nipple a.

It will be observed by reference to Fig. 1

0 that pipes of similar sizes may be readily connected by means of saidnipple and the body or fitting B and as readily disconnected forwhatever purpose it may become necessary so to do.

In Fig. 2

5 is illustrated the nipple a in application for connecting direct, bymeans of the improved fitting or body B, pipes of different sizes anddispensing with a reducing-bushing fitted into the fitting or body.

I am aware that nipples for making unionjoints of pipes have been usedin various ways, and hence I do not claim, broadly, as of my invention anipple; but

hat I. do claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In pipe-connections, the combination of a socket or fitting, anipplehaving threaded ends which taper in one and the same direction and withone of said ends expanded, and a body or fitting having the threadedportion thereof tapering in a direction corresponding with the ends ofsaid nipple, all arranged as shown and described, and for the purposesset forth.

2. In pipe-connections, the combination of a socket or fitting, a nipplehaving the ends tapering in one and the same direction and with one ofthe ends expanded,and abody orfitting with the threaded portionstapering in a direction corresponding with the ends of said nipple andone part of said body or fitting enlarged, whereby a detachableunion-joint may be made with pipes or fittings, substantially asdescribed.

3. In pipeconnections, the combination of a fitting, a nipple having theends tapering in one and the same direction and with one of the endsexpanded, a body or fitting with the threads thereof tapering in adirection corresponding with those of said nipple and one part of saidfitting or body enlarged, and a bushing secured into the enlargedportion of said body or fitting, whereby a detachable union joint may bemade with pipes of the same size, substantially as described.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my signature in the presence oftwo subscribing witnesses.

HCHARD PARISH.

\Vitnesses:

HERMANN BORMANN, THOMAS M. SMITH.

